For instance, looking at hydrogen we know that it is in Group I and thus has 1 valence electron, if it bound itself to another hydrogen they could share the two electrons between them and both be "happy". Now that you know the number of valence electrons and the rules you can start making molecules. They have extra space to allow for the extra electrons.
Elements on the 3rd Period (3rd row) of the periodic table and below can actually have more than 8 electrons around them. Hydrogen (H) only requires 2 electrons to have a full valence shell since it only needs to be like Helium (He). There are several exceptions to the octet rule however:. The Noble Gases are like the Michael Jordan's of the Chemistry world and every one of them wants to "be like Mike". This means that they want to acquire the electronic configuration of the noble gas of their row. The Octet Rule: The atoms that participate in covalent bonding share electrons in a way that enables them to acquire a stable electron configuration, or full valence shell. There are a couple of rules to follow however as you build: Once you know how many valence electrons an atom has, you can start to build molecules. For example, Boron (represented as B in the periodic table) is in Group 3A and has 3 valence electrons Carbon (represented as C) is in Group 4A and has 4 valence electrons. Conveniently, the Group Number at the top of each column in the periodic table also gives the number of valence electrons. In the periodic table below, you can see diagrams of each element that shows how many valence electrons it possesses. 
The bonding electrons are called the VALENCE electrons and they are the electrons that are found in the outermost shell of the atom. What we did not discuss previously is which electrons in the atom are involved in bonding.
Covalent BondsĪs we mentioned before, the electrons in an atom are what is responsible for forming bonds.
0 kommentar(er)
